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People, power and architectural ideologies
Kristek, Jan ; Vaishar, Antonín (referee) ; Havliš, Karel (referee) ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Wittmann, Maxmilian (advisor)
This thesis aims to classify contemporary way of thought in the architecture and urbanism mainly in respect to the formation of public space. Generally, it seeks to identify ideological background of individual ways of thoughts and their genealogy – therefore it explores their historical roots too. The methodological framework of the thesis is grounded in the critical theory and production of (public) space as well as architectural production is therefore understood as a political act; not necessarily in terms of the established political parties or ideologies but rather in the sense of production of the city space as a social arena, in which completion of various agents, interests and notions is present including the architectural discourses. The resulting form of the public space is than a result of this competition and unavoidable ideological antagonism, which is present in the ideological basis of the individual way of thoughts in architecture and urbanism.
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AI and fact-check journalism - the pitfalls of the search for truth by artificial intelligence
Haber, Josef ; Moravec, Václav (advisor) ; Klimeš, David (referee)
The diploma thesis entitled AI & fact-check journalism - the pitfalls of the search for truth by artificial intelligence examines the connections between contemporary journalism, fact-checking, and artificial intelligence tools in the post-truth era. It describes the relationships between objectivity and interpretation and explores the problem of dichotomy between fact and value. The theoretical discussion is then translated into a practical issue using the journalistic discipline of fact-checking. Artificial intelligence tools and their potential for journalism are introduced. The practical part of the thesis focuses on experiments with an AI tool that automates fact-checking. The tool is tested using four alternative knowledge bases represented by Czech media datasets. All models show the expected response to ontologically truthful and false claims, confirming truths and debunking lies. Subsequently, the true opinions of the models about social reality are tested. The results demonstrate that the models adopt the opinions published in the datasets. However, it was not possible to trace systematic model opinions towards polarization in thematic areas from the results. The thesis includes suggestions for future changes in experiments. In the conclusion, the results are linked with both practical...
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The orthodox psychotheraps (The Another Aproach To Man)
Hempl, Jiří ; Luptáková, Marina (advisor) ; Vopatrný, Gorazd Josef (referee)
(Annotation) This thesis compares the orthodox approach to man to psychotherapeutics, especially with psychoanalysis, analytic psychology and logoterapy. These systems arise from positivistic backgrounds and approaches to man in this direction. In opposite to psychoanalysis analytic psychology and logoterapy think about spiritual aspect in life of man, but both systems mostly psychologize this aspect. The orthodox psychotherapy especially works with this spiritual aspect. It comes out from patristic anthropology referring that man is God's creature according to Genesis. The spirit aspect plays the cardinal role in the relationship between man and God. This relationship was corrupted by the rebellion of man against God. This rebellion has changed the ontological nature of man. According to the orthodox psychotherapy mental disorders are a result from this ontological change of man, which characterized by "garment of skin" done by God for man to revive in fallen state. The solution of mental disorders and then spiritual problems is to accept the state of "garments of skill" and in renewing of relationship with God.
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Masaryk and Philosophy
Namyslo, Pavel ; Hogenová, Anna (advisor) ; Hauser, Michael (referee)
The topic of the present thesis is the philosophy of Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk. The main aim of the theses is to create a complete and lucid progress of Masaryk's thinking considering the main influence on Masaryk as a philisopher. The thesis examines what and who influenced Masaryk the most and which individual experience formed his global philosophy. The thesis proceeds chronologically and copies Masaryk's life. It describes his pesonal development influenced by the work of other authors and philosophers and also by examining the answers of newly risen questions. The individual traces in his thinking, however, are not strictly isolated. The theses is thus trying to find the intersection of different influences. The issues are mostly identical. Nevertheless, Masaryk's attitude towards them develops and changes. Every influence on Masaryk and his reflection would make a thesis itself, therefore we remain at the basic philosophical points. The theses examines three areas - the first is Masaryk's source, meaning the inspiring author. Second is Masaryk's interpretation and understanding. The last area deals with Masaryk's comments and other authors analyzing his work. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Masaryk and Philosophy
Namyslo, Pavel ; Hogenová, Anna (advisor) ; Hauser, Michael (referee)
The topic of the present thesis is the philosophy of Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk. The main aim of the theses is to create a complete and lucid progress of Masaryk's thinking considering the main influence on Masaryk as a philisopher. The thesis examines what and who influenced Masaryk the most and which individual experience formed his global philosophy. The thesis proceeds chronologically and copies Masaryk's life. It describes his pesonal development influenced by the work of other authors and philosophers and also by examining the answers of newly risen questions. The individual traces in his thinking, however, are not strictly isolated. The theses is thus trying to find the intersection of different influences. The issues are mostly identical. Nevertheless, Masaryk's attitude towards them develops and changes. Every influence on Masaryk and his reflection would make a thesis itself, therefore we remain at the basic philosophical points. The theses examines three areas - the first is Masaryk's source, meaning the inspiring author. Second is Masaryk's interpretation and understanding. The last area deals with Masaryk's comments and other authors analyzing his work. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Depiction of children and their fortunes in Polish positivists literature
Nemoudry, Helena ; Benešová, Michala (advisor) ; Kolmanová, Simona (referee)
Bachelor's dissertation records children's life stories, how they are reflected in Polish literature from Positivism period. The reflections of those life stories are novels, special literary form, which capture the reality of life. This dissertation portrays the life stories by discussing seven novels written by three leading Polish writers from Positivism period- B.Prus, H.Sienkiewicz and E.Orzeszkowa. It analyzes novels, attitudes of each writer, points out their similar features, specifies differences and explores it in the context of broader program of Polish Positivist writers of 2nd half of 19th century and their attempt to bring occupied Poland to freedom and new development. Keywords -children's fortune -Polish positivists literature -suffering -poverty -abuse
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Reception Rudolf Christoph Eucken in the work of Karel Statečný
Jandásková, Marie ; Vogel, Jiří (advisor) ; Kučera, Zdeněk (referee)
UNIVERZITA KARLOVA V PRAZE HUSITSKÁ TEOLOGICKÁ FAKULTA Recepce Rudolfa Christopha Euckena v díle Karla Statečného Reception Rudolf Christoph Eucken in the work of Karel Statečný Diplomová práce doc. ThDr. Jiří Vogel, Th.D. Bc. Marie Jandásková Praha 2016 Děkuji vedoucímu práce docentu ThDr. Jiřímu Vogelovi, Th.D. za milý, věcný a povzbudivý přístup. Taktéž děkuji všem blízkým za trpělivost, podporu a neztrácení nadhledu. Prohlašuji, že jsem vypracovala práci samostatně, všechny použité prameny a literatura byly řádně citovány. Práci jsem nepoužila k získání žádného jiného, ani stejného titulu. V Praze, dne Marie Jandásková ANOTACE Práce představuje v České republice málo známého německého filosofa Rudolfa Christopha Euckena. Kučera je přesvědčen, že jeho práce inspirovala v první generaci církve československé husitské teologa Karla Statečného, jako příklad inspirace uvádí Kučera prvky blízké personalismu. Práce pracuje s tímto předpokladem a hledá další souvislosti mezi dílem německého filosofa a českého teologa. KLÍČOVÁ SLOVA Eucken, Statečný, život, smysl, hodnota, dějiny, pozitivismus, moderní život, osoba, personalismus, sociální hnutí, socialismus, individualismus, etika, morální teologie, náboženství, filosofie ANNOTATION The work represents the Czech Republic in the littleknown German philosopher...
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Critique of positivism in social sciences
Janas, Martin ; Holeček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Balon, Jan (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to present a critique of positivism in social sciences. The first chapter is devoted to a presentation of what positivism is. We also learn that positivism is closely related to neopositivism and that in many definitons of these words, the word "metaphysics" appears. Second chapter is devoted to Peter Winch's book The idea of a social science and its relation to philosophy. Analysis of this book is presented and we are shown many dangers of positivistic approach regarding the investigation of society. A concept of understanding a society is introduced, which is based on understanding given society's rules. Third chapter presents philosophy of sicence from Martin Heidegger. First, the notion of "metaphysics" is explained. Then we move onto the explanation of the meaing of science and technology in modern society. At the end of the thesis, we are presented with a short comparison of Winch's and Heidegger's philosophy. Conclusion includes new possible routes that sociology could take.
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The orthodox psychotheraps (The Another Aproach To Man)
Hempl, Jiří ; Luptáková, Marina (advisor) ; Vopatrný, Gorazd Josef (referee)
(Annotation) This thesis compares the orthodox approach to man to psychotherapeutics, especially with psychoanalysis, analytic psychology and logoterapy. These systems arise from positivistic backgrounds and approaches to man in this direction. In opposite to psychoanalysis analytic psychology and logoterapy think about spiritual aspect in life of man, but both systems mostly psychologize this aspect. The orthodox psychotherapy especially works with this spiritual aspect. It comes out from patristic anthropology referring that man is God's creature according to Genesis. The spirit aspect plays the cardinal role in the relationship between man and God. This relationship was corrupted by the rebellion of man against God. This rebellion has changed the ontological nature of man. According to the orthodox psychotherapy mental disorders are a result from this ontological change of man, which characterized by "garment of skin" done by God for man to revive in fallen state. The solution of mental disorders and then spiritual problems is to accept the state of "garments of skill" and in renewing of relationship with God.
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Transformation of cult and conceptual value in history of photography
Dotřel, Jan ; Ševčík, Miloš (advisor) ; Zuska, Vlastimil (referee)
This historical work focuses on the theory of photography. It is divided into three autonomous episodes chronologically correspond to three historical stages. These parts are connected with one genealogies of one possible reading of the photography. The first part deals with the historical circumstances and causes of the birth of photography. The second phase describes the later period of history of the Weimar Republic and photographic movement of Neue Sachlichkeit. The last part concentrates on Düsseldorf School of Photography and its current followers. These historical eras combines the aesthetic issues of cult and conceptual values, which is demonstrated on the way how read the photographic medium as a specific aesthetic phenomenon.
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